What is laparoscopic surgery (closed surgery)?
When we say laparoscopy, it means looking at the images of the intra-abdominal organs by projecting them on a screen through special devices and a telescope, without opening the abdomen. Surgeries performed in this way are called laparoscopic (closed surgery).
In which diseases is laparoscopic surgery performed?
It is used for the treatment of diseases of organs such as the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, liver, gallbladder and bile ducts, pancreas, spleen and appendix, which are located in a cavity such as the inside of the abdomen.
There are also laparoscopic treatment options for inguinal hernias and abdominal wall hernias.
Why laparoscopic surgery?
While in the past years, surgical diseases of the abdominal organs were treated by making large incisions in the abdomen, today it is aimed to lessen the patient's impact by performing surgeries with the help of small incisions and laparoscopic instruments under the control of the surgeon. Thus, the aim is to have less postoperative pain, faster recovery, shorter hospital stay, earlier return to daily activities and, as a result, earlier return to work. Additionally, since the incisions are small, there are fewer postoperative scars and fewer surgical site hernias.
How is laparoscopic surgery performed?
The patient is usually put to sleep under general anesthesia. First, the abdomen is entered through a small incision below or above the navel, and the abdomen is inflated by administering carbon dioxide gas. A medical device (trocar) that allows the passage of a camera (telescope) is placed through the same hole and the organs are made visible on the screen.
After the camera is inserted, other trocars suitable for the organ to be operated on are inserted and the surgery is performed with cutting and holding tools such as scissors and forceps with rod-shaped ends.
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